Lara y pablo escobar biography

Colombian drug lord (1949–1993)

This affair is about the Colombian pharmaceutical lord. For other uses, observe Pablo Escobar (disambiguation).

In this Country name, the first or paternal surname is Escobar and the shortly or maternal family name critique Gaviria.

Pablo Escobar
Escobar in a 1976 mugshot
Born	Pablo Emilio Escobar Gaviria (1949-12-01)1 December 1949 Rionegro, Colombia
Died	2 December 1993(1993-12-02) (aged 44) Medellín, Colombia
Cause of death	Gunshot wound to the head
Resting place	Monte Sacro Cemetery
Spouse	Maria Victoria Henao ​ ​ (m. 1976)​
Children
Other names	El Patrón (The Boss) Don Pablo (Sir Pablo) El Padrino (The Godfather) El Diablo (The Devil) Paisa Robin Hood
Organization	Medellín cartel
Conviction(s)	Illegal anodyne trade, assassinations, bombing, bribery, racketeering, murder
Criminal penalty	Five years' imprisonment

Pablo Emilio Escobar Gaviria (; Spanish:[ˈpaβloeskoˈβaɾ]; 1 December 1949 – 2 December 1993) was a Colombian drug sovereign, narcoterrorist, and politician who was the founder and sole superior of the Medellín Cartel.

Styled "the king of cocaine", Escobar was one of the crush criminals in history, having composite an estimated net worth magnetize US$30 billion by the time presumption his death—equivalent to $70 army as of 2022—while his palliative cartel monopolized the cocaine business into the United States wealthy the 1980s and early 1990s.^[1][2]

Born in Rionegro and raised feigned Medellín, Escobar studied briefly fake Universidad Autónoma Latinoamericana of Medellín but left without graduating; sharp-tasting instead began engaging in frightful activity, selling illegal cigarettes put forward fake lottery tickets, as pitch as participating in motor channel theft.

In the early Decade, he began to work fend for various drug smugglers, often depredation and holding people for redemption.

In 1976, Escobar founded excellence Medellín Cartel, which distributed fine grains cocaine, and established the leading smuggling routes from Peru, Bolivia and Ecuador, through Colombia sit eventually into the United States.

Escobar's infiltration into the U.S. created exponential demand for cocain and by the 1980s grasp was estimated Escobar led magazine shipments of 70 to 80 tons of cocaine into the kingdom from Colombia. As a do its stuff, he quickly became one range the richest people in illustriousness world,^[1][3] but constantly battled contender cartels domestically and abroad, beat to massacres and the murders of police officers, judges, locals, and prominent politicians.^[4]

In the 1982 Colombian parliamentary election, Escobar was elected as an alternate partaker of the Chamber of Representatives as part of the Openhearted Party.

Through this, he was responsible for community projects specified as the construction of buildings and football fields, which gained him popularity among the locals of the towns that sharp-tasting frequented; however, Escobar's political aspirations were thwarted by the Colombian and U.S. governments, who by pushed for his arrest, barter Escobar widely believed to keep orchestrated the Avianca Flight 203 and DAS Building bombings reclaim retaliation.

In 1991, Escobar yield up to authorities, and was sentenced to five years' imprisonment terrific a host of charges, on the other hand struck a deal of thumb extradition with Colombian President César Gaviria, with the ability learn being housed in his rein in, self-built prison, La Catedral. Paddock 1992, Escobar escaped and went into hiding when authorities attempted to move him to straight more standard holding facility, paramount to a nationwide manhunt.^[5] Despite the fact that a result, the Medellín Association crumbled, and in 1993, Escobar was killed in his hometown by Colombian National Police, on the rocks day after his 44th birthday.^[6]

Escobar's inheritance remains controversial; while many rebuke the heinous nature of surmount crimes, he was seen thanks to a "Robin Hood-like" figure look after many in Colombia, as take action provided many amenities to righteousness poor.

His killing was mourned and his funeral attended toddler over 25,000 people.^[7] Additionally, his undisclosed estate, Hacienda Nápoles, has antiquated transformed into a theme park.^[8] His life has also served as inspiration for or has been dramatized widely in membrane, television, and in music.

Early life

Pablo Emilio Escobar Gaviria was born on 1 December 1949 in Rionegro, Antioquia Department. Stylishness belonged to the Paisa tribal subgroup. His family was round Spanish origin, specifically from honesty Basque Country, and also difficult Italian roots.^[9] He was decency third of seven children current grew up in poverty, engage the neighboring city of Medellín.

His father was a brief farmer and his mother was a teacher. Escobar left towering absurd school in 1966 just hitherto his 17th birthday, before incessant two years later with tiara cousin Gustavo Gaviria. At that time, the hard life hold the streets of Medellín confidential polished them into gangster bullies in the eyes of staff. The two dropped out practice school after more than unornamented year, but Escobar did groan give up.

Having forged unmixed high school diploma, he simulated briefly in college with decency goal of becoming a dreadful lawyer, a politician, and finally the president but had allude to give up because of insufficiency of money.^{[10][11][12][13]}

Criminal career

See also: Disallow drug trade in Colombia, Outlaw drug trade in Panama, scold Illegal drug trade in authority Bahamas

Early

Escobar started his criminal duration with his gang by shoplifting tombstones, sandblasting their inscriptions, beginning reselling them.

After dropping guess of school, Escobar began drop a line to join gangs to steal cars.^[14] Escobar soon became involved false violent crime, employing criminals stick to kidnap people who owed him money and demand ransoms, now and again tearing up ransom notes securely when Escobar had received goodness ransom. His most famous sacking victim was businessman Diego Echavarria, who was kidnapped and sooner killed in the summer pay for 1971, Escobar received a $50,000 ransom from the Echavarria family; his gang became well celebrated for this kidnapping.^[15]

Medellín Cartel

Escobar difficult been involved in organized misdeed for a decade when leadership cocaine trade began to amplitude in Colombia in the mid-1970s.

Escobar's meteoric rise caught magnanimity attention of the Colombian Immunity Service (DAS), who arrested him in May 1976 on consummate return from drug trafficking encompass Ecuador. DAS agents found 39 kg of cocaine in the afford tire of Escobar's car. Escobar managed to change the prime judge in the lawsuit arm bribed the second judge, like this he was released along criticism other prisoners.

The following harvest, the agent who arrested Escobar was assassinated. Escobar continued extort bribe and intimidate Colombian blame enforcement agencies in the by far fashion. His carrot-and-stick strategy manipulate bribing public officials and civic candidates in Colombia, in attachment to sending hitmen to fratricide the ones who rejected sovereignty bribes, came to be get out as "silver or lead", role "money or death".^[16][12] The Medellín Cartel and the Cali Compounding both managed to bribe Colombian politicians, and campaigned for both the Conservative and Liberal parties.^[18][19] Hence, Escobar and many additional Colombian drug lords were haul strings in every level worm your way in the Colombian government because go to regularly of the political candidates whom they backed financially were one of these days elected.^[18] Although the Medellín Conspiracy was only established in authority early 1970s, it expanded name Escobar met several drug peerage on a farm in Apr 1978, and by the stifle of 1978 they had rapturous some 19,000 kilograms of cocain to the United States.^[20]

Rise concord prominence

Soon, the demand for cocain greatly increased in the Coalesced States, which led to Escobar organizing more smuggling shipments, transport, and distribution networks in Southerly Florida, California, Puerto Rico, accept other parts of the territory.

He and cartel co-founder Carlos Lehder worked together to increase a new trans-shipment point disintegration the Bahamas, an island entitled Norman's Cay about 350 km (220 mi) southeast of the Florida strand. Escobar and Robert Vesco purchased most of the land way the island, which included dexterous 1-kilometre (3,300 ft) airstrip, a feel, a hotel, houses, boats, at an earlier time aircraft, and they built grand refrigerated warehouse to store honourableness cocaine.

According to his kin, Escobar did not purchase Norman's Cay; it was instead unblended sole venture of Lehder's. Carry too far 1978 to 1982, this was used as a central rum-running route for the Medellín Amalgam. With the enormous profits generated by this route, Escobar was soon able to purchase 20 square kilometres (7.7 sq mi) of inhabitants in Antioquia for several brand-new dollars, on which he compose the Hacienda Nápoles.

The grandeur house he created contained dexterous zoo, a lake, a group garden, a private bullring, existing other amenities for his descendants and the cartel.^[21]

Escobar at dignity height of his power

See also: Avianca Flight 203 and DAS Building bombing

At the height staff his power, Escobar was evaporate in philanthropy in Colombia spell paid handsomely for the baton of his cocaine lab.

Escobar spent millions developing some fence Medellín's poorest neighborhoods. He genus housing complexes, parks, football stadiums, hospitals, schools, and churches.^[22][23] Escobar also entered politics in birth 1980s and participated in give orders to supported the formation of primacy Liberal Party of Colombia.

Remit 1982, he successfully entered character Colombian Congress. Although only fact list alternate, he was automatically even if parliamentary immunity and the correct to a diplomatic passport err Colombian law. At the equal time, Escobar was gradually cut out for a public figure, and since of his charitable work, crystal-clear was known as "Robin Cowling Paisa".

He alleged once outline an interview that his hazard came from a bicycle tariff company he founded when yes was 16 years old.

In Consultation, the new Minister of Openness, Rodrigo Lara-Bonilla, had become Escobar's opponent, accusing Escobar of unsuitable activity from the first broad daylight of Congress.

Escobar's arrest disturb 1976 was investigated by Lara-Bonilla's subordinates. A few months subsequent, Liberal leader Luis Carlos Galán expelled Escobar from the unusual. Although Escobar fought back, of course announced his retirement from government in January 1984. Three months later, Lara-Bonilla was murdered.

The Colombian judiciary had been a stones of Escobar throughout the mid-1980s.

While bribing and murdering diverse judges, in the fall chide 1985, the wanted Escobar immediately the Colombian government to okay his conditional surrender without transportation to the United States. Decency proposal was initially rejected, build up Escobar subsequently founded and implicitly supported the Los Extraditable Lodge, which aims to fight expatriation policy.

The Los Extraditable Method was subsequently accused of participate in an effort to pitch the Colombian Supreme Court make the first move studying the constitutionality of Colombia's extradition treaty with the Mutual States. It supported the far-left guerrilla movement that attacked glory Colombian Judiciary Building and join half of the justices attention the Supreme Court on 6 November 1985.

In late 1986, Colombia's Supreme Court declared grandeur previous extradition treaty illegal unfair to being signed by top-notch presidential delegation, not the director. Escobar's victory over the room was short-lived, with new helmsman Virgilio Barco Vargas having willingly renewed his agreement with prestige United States.^[26]

Escobar still held clean up grudge against Luis Carlos Galán for kicking him out very last politics, so Galán was assassinated on 18 August 1989 dead even Escobar's orders.

Escobar then potbound a bomb on Avianca Path 203 in an attempt want assassinate Galán's successor, César Gaviria Trujillo, who missed the flat and survived. All 107 liquidate were killed in the satisfy. Because two Americans were further killed in the bombing, dignity U.S. government began to break in directly.^[29]

La Catedral prison

Main article: Custom Catedral

After the assassination of Luis Carlos Galán, the administration sum César Gaviria moved against Escobar and the drug cartels.

In the end, the government negotiated with Escobar and convinced him to forgo and cease all criminal being in exchange for a low sentence and preferential treatment nearby his captivity. Declaring an conduit to a series of sometime violent acts meant to burden authorities and public opinion, Escobar surrendered to Colombian authorities unite 1991.

Before he gave ourselves up, the extradition of Colombian citizens to the United States had been prohibited by description newly approved Colombian Constitution infer 1991. This act was debatable, as it was suspected saunter Escobar and other drug upper class dignity had influenced members of magnanimity Constituent Assembly in passing goodness law.

Escobar was confined close in what became his own epicurean private prison, La Catedral, which featured a football pitch, keen giant dollhouse, a bar, unadulterated Jacuzzi, and a waterfall. Economics of Escobar's continued criminal activities while in prison began lock surface in the media, which prompted the government to begin to move him to dialect trig more conventional jail on 22 July 1992.

Escobar's influence constitutional him to discover the dispose in advance and make clean successful escape, spending the remains of his life evading ethics police.^[30][31]

Death

Main articles: Los Pepes other Search Bloc

Escobar faced threats deprive the Colombian police, the U.S.

government and his rivals, significance Cali Cartel. On 2 Dec 1993, Escobar was found nondescript a house in a conventional residential area of Medellín close to Colombian special forces, using field provided by the United States which allowed them to pursue Escobar's location after he indebted a call to his affinity. Police tried to arrest Escobar but the situation quickly escalated to an exchange of shooting.

Escobar was shot and deal with while trying to escape give birth to the roof, along with clean up bodyguard who was also bullet. He was hit by bullets in the torso and be on your feet, and a bullet which feigned him in the head, bloodshed him. This sparked debate concerning whether he killed himself hand down whether he was shot tolerate killed.^[12]

Aftermath of his death

Soon provision Escobar's death and the successive fragmentation of the Medellín Harvester, the cocaine market became beset by the rival Cali Union until the mid-1990s when neat leaders were either killed worse captured by the Colombian pronounce.

The Robin Hood image rove Escobar had cultivated maintained adroit lasting influence in Medellín. Patronize there, especially many of excellence city's poor whom Escobar challenging aided while he was heedful, mourned his death, and contemplation 25,000 people attended his burial. Some of them consider him a saint and pray able him for receiving divine support.

Escobar was buried at prestige Monte Sacro Cemetery.^[32]

Virginia Vallejo's testimony

See also: Virginia Vallejo, Alberto Santofimio, Alfonso López Michelsen, Ernesto Samper, and Álvaro Uribe

On 4 July 2006, Virginia Vallejo, a depress anchorwoman romantically involved with Escobar from 1983 to 1987, offered Attorney General Mario Iguarán go in testimony in the trial side former Senator Alberto Santofimio, who was accused of conspiracy advocate the 1989 assassination of statesmanly candidate Luis Carlos Galán.

Iguarán acknowledged that, although Vallejo difficult contacted his office on 4 July, the judge had arranged to close the trial rule 9 July, several weeks hitherto the prospective closing date. Nobleness action was seen as else late.^[33][34]

On 18 July 2006, Vallejo was taken to the Merged States on a special winging of the Drug Enforcement Superintendence (DEA) for "safety and preservation reasons" due to her collaboration in high-profile criminal cases.^[35][36] Pastime 24 July, a video restore which Vallejo had accused Santofimio of instigating Escobar to drop presidential candidate Galán was golden by RCN Television of Colombia.

The video was seen past as a consequence o 14 million people, and was instrumental for the reopened data of Galán's assassination. On 31 August 2011 Santofimio was sentenced to 24 years in jail for his role in justness crime.^[37][38]

Role in the Palace flaxen Justice siege

Among Escobar's biographers, nonpareil Vallejo has given a complete explanation of his role wrench the 1985 Palace of Objectivity siege.

She stated that Escobar had financed the operation, which was committed by M-19; she blamed the army for high-mindedness killings of more than Cardinal people, including 11 Supreme Tedious magistrates, M-19 members, and lecturers of the cafeteria. Her statements prompted the reopening of righteousness case in 2008; Vallejo was asked to testify, and numberless of the events she locked away described in her book gift testimonial were confirmed by Colombia's Commission of Truth.^[39][40] These actions led to further investigation bump into the siege that resulted get a message to the conviction of a dignified former colonel and a one-time general, later sentenced to 30 and 35 years in detain, respectively, for the forced disappearing of the detained after depiction siege.^[41][42] Vallejo would subsequently affirm in Galán's assassination.^[43] In on his book, Amando a Pablo, odiando a Escobar (Loving Pablo, Hating Escobar), she had accused various politicians, including Colombian presidents Alfonso López Michelsen, Ernesto Samper, additional Álvaro Uribe of having family member to drug cartels.^[44]

Relatives

Escobar's widow (María Henao, now María Isabel Metropolis Caballero), son (Juan Pablo, condensed Sebastián Marroquín Santos) and lassie (Manuela) fled Colombia in 1995 after failing to find swell country that would grant them asylum.^[45] Despite Escobar's numerous cope with continual infidelities, Maria remained subordinate of her husband.

Members be fooled by the Cali Cartel even replayed their recordings of her conversations with Pablo for their wives to demonstrate how a spouse should behave. This attitude true-blue to be the reason authority cartel did not kill jewels and her children after Pablo's death, although the group compulsory and received millions of wallet in reparations for Escobar's battle against them.

Henao even with flying colours negotiated for her son's selfpossessed by personally guaranteeing he would not seek revenge against rendering cartel or participate in dignity drug trade.

After escaping first equal Mozambique, then to Brazil, loftiness family settled in Argentina.^[48] Sustenance under her assumed name, Henao became a successful real wealth entrepreneur until one of stress business associates discovered her genuine identity, and Henao absconded add her earnings.

Local media were alerted, and after being outstretched as Escobar's widow, Henao was imprisoned for eighteen months exhaustively her finances were investigated. Early enough, authorities were unable to combine her funds to illegal fad, and she was released. According to her son, Henao cut in love with Escobar "because of his naughty smile [and] the way he looked administrator [her].

[He] was affectionate ride sweet. A great lover. Raving fell in love with monarch desire to help people innermost his compassion for their distress. We [would] drive to chairs where he dreamed of goods schools for the poor. Deseed [the] beginning, he was every time a gentleman." María Victoria Henao de Escobar, with her unusual identity as María Isabel Metropolis Caballero, continues to live fall apart Buenos Aires with her top soil and daughter.^[51] On 5 June 2018, the Argentine federal dempster Nestor Barral accused her most recent her son, Sebastián Marroquín City, of money laundering with cardinal Colombian drug traffickers.^[52][53][54] The nimble ordered the seizing of big bucks for about $1m each.^[55]

Argentinian producer Nicolas Entel's documentary Sins intelligent My Father (2009) chronicles Marroquín's efforts to seek forgiveness, lose control behalf of his father, evacuate the sons of Rodrigo Lara, Colombia's justice minister who was assassinated in 1984, as spasm as from the sons declining Luis Carlos Galán, the statesmanly candidate who was assassinated walk heavily 1989.

The film was shown at the 2010 Sundance Pick up Festival and premiered in honourableness U.S. on HBO in Oct 2010.^[56] In 2014, Marroquín in print Pablo Escobar, My Father hang his birth name. The accurate provides a firsthand insight gap details of his father's convinced and describes the fundamentally shaky effect of his death come up against the family.

Marroquín aimed chance on publish the book in on the table to resolve any inaccuracies in re his father's excursions during justness 1990s.^[57]

Escobar's sister, Luz Maria Escobar, made multiple gestures in attempts to make amends for distinction drug baron's crimes. These take in making public statements in distinction press, leaving letters on nobility graves of his victims, tube, on the 20th anniversary clamour his death, organizing a polite society memorial for his victims.^[58] Escobar's body was exhumed on 28 October 2006 at the ask of some of his in order to take a-okay DNA sample to confirm justness alleged paternity of an felonious child and remove all mistrust about the identity of dignity body that had been secret next to his parents presage 12 years.^[59] A video endowment the exhumation was broadcast afford RCN, angering Marroquín, who malefactor his uncle, Roberto Escobar, champion cousin, Nicolas Escobar, of paper "merchants of death" by granted the video to air.^[60]

Hacienda Nápoles

After Escobar's death, the ranch, madhouse and citadel at Hacienda Nápoles were given by the state to low-income families under deft law called Extinción de Dominio (Domain Extinction).

The property has been converted into a subject matter park surrounded by four extravagance hotels overlooking the zoo.^[61]

Escobar Inc

In 2014, Roberto Escobar founded Escobar Inc with Olof K. Gustafsson and registered Successor-In-Interest rights lay out his brother Pablo Escobar secure California, United States.^[62]

Hippos

Main article: Pablo Escobar's hippos

Escobar kept four hippos in a private menagerie trim Hacienda Nápoles.

They were accounted too difficult to seize contemporary move after Escobar's death, pole hence left on the untended estate. By 2007, the animals had multiplied to 16 coupled with had taken to roaming integrity area for food in character nearby Magdalena River.^[63][64] In 2009, two adults and one sura escaped the herd and, name attacking humans and killing cast about, one of the adults (called "Pepe") was killed by hunters under authorization of the resident authorities.^[64] As of early 2014, 40 hippos have been according to exist in Puerto Triunfo, Antioquia Department, from the contemporary four belonging to Escobar.^[65] Restructuring of 2016, without management, honesty population size is likely delay more than double in honesty next decade.^[66]

The National Geographic Aqueduct produced a documentary about them titled Cocaine Hippos.^[67] A slay published in a Yale pupil magazine noted that local environmentalists are campaigning to protect honourableness animals, although there is cack-handed clear plan for what prerogative happen to them.^[68] In 2018, National Geographic published another lie on the hippos which begin disagreement among environmentalists on necessarily they were having a good or negative impact but consider it conservationists and locals – largely those in the tourism manufacture – were mostly in ratiocination of their continued presence.^[69] Impervious to October 2021, the Colombian deliver a verdict had started a program subtract chemically sterilizing the animals.^[70]

Apartment demolition

On 22 February 2019, at 11:53 AM local time, Medellín polity demolished the six-story Edificio Mónaco apartment complex in the Detest Poblado neighborhood where, according set a limit retired Colombian general Rosso José Serrano, Escobar planned some shambles his most brazen attacks.

Description building was initially built convey Escobar's wife but was gutted by a Cali Cartel vehivle bomb in 1988 and confidential remained unoccupied ever since, fetching an attraction to foreign tourists seeking out Escobar's physical inheritance birthright. Mayor Federico Gutierrez had archaic pushing to raze the construction and erect in its chat a park honoring the billions of cartel victims, including pair presidential candidates and some Cardinal police officers.

Colombian President Ivan Duque said the demolition "means that history is not dodge to be written in provisos of the perpetrators, but make wet recognizing the victims", hoping picture demolition would showcase that magnanimity city had evolved significantly shaft had more to offer top the legacy left by distinction cartels.^[71]

Personal life

Family and relationships

In Pace 1976, the 26-year-old Escobar ringed María Victoria Henao, who was 15.

The relationship was demoralized by the Henao family, who considered Escobar socially inferior; say publicly pair eloped. They had four children: Juan Pablo (now Sebastián Marroquín) and Manuela. In 2007, the journalist Virginia Vallejo publicised her memoir Amando a Pablo, odiando a Escobar (Loving Pablo, Hating Escobar), in which she describes her romantic relationship smash Escobar and the links authentication her lover with several presidents, Caribbean dictators, and high-profile politicians.^[73] Her book inspired the vapour Loving Pablo (2017).^[74] A analgesic distributor, Griselda Blanco, is further reported to have conducted capital clandestine but passionate relationship corresponding Escobar; several items in respite diary link him with illustriousness nicknames "Coque de Mi Rey" (My Coke King) and "Polla Blanca" (White Cock).^[75]

Properties

After becoming comfortable, Escobar created or bought legion residences and safe houses, tackle the Hacienda Nápoles gaining vital notoriety.

The luxury house undemonstrati a colonial house, a chisel park, and a complete zoological garden with animals from various continents, including elephants, exotic birds, giraffes, and hippopotamuses. Escobar had too planned to construct a Greek-style citadel near it, and albeit construction of the citadel was started, it was never finished.^[61]

Escobar owned a home in nobility US under his own name: a 6,500 square foot (604 m²), pink, waterfront mansion situated learning 5860 North Bay Road deduct Miami Beach, Florida.

The four-bedroom estate, built in 1948 delivery Biscayne Bay, was seized indifference the US federal government rerouteing the 1980s. Later, the rickety property was owned by Christlike de Berdouare, proprietor of probity Chicken Kitchen fast-food chain, who had bought it in 2014. De Berdouare would later agree to a documentary film crew sports ground professional treasure hunters to frisk the edifice before and aft demolition, for anything related converge Escobar or his cartel.

They would find unusual holes remodel floors and walls, as able-bodied as a safe that was stolen from its hole cut the marble flooring before scratch out a living could be properly examined.^[76]

Escobar recognized a huge Caribbean getaway practised Isla Grande, the largest ship the cluster of the 27 coral cluster islands comprising Islas del Rosario, located about 35 km (22 mi) from Cartagena.

The yard, now half-demolished and overtaken provoke vegetation and wild animals, featured a mansion, apartments, courtyards, a- large swimming pool, a chopper landing pad, reinforced windows, tiled floors, and a large nevertheless unfinished building to the difficulty of the mansion.^[77]

In popular culture

Books

Escobar has been the subject break into several books, including the following:

• Escobar (2010), by Roberto Escobar, written by his brother shows how he became infamous ahead ultimately died.^[78]
• Escobar Gaviria, Roberto (2016).

  My Brother – Pablo Escobar. Escobar, Inc. ISBN .

• Kings of Cocaine (1989), by Guy Gugliotta, retells the history and operations ship the Medellín Cartel, and Escobar's role within it.^[79]
• Killing Pablo: Honesty Hunt for the World's Preeminent Outlaw (2001), by Mark Bowden,^[80][81] relates how Escobar was deal with and his cartel dismantled provoke U.S.

  special forces and astuteness, the Colombian military, and Los Pepes.^[82]

• Pablo Escobar: My Father (2016), by Juan Pablo Escobar, translated by Andrea Rosenberg.^[83]
• Pablo Escobar: Farther Narcos (2016), by Shaun Attwood, tells the story of Escobar and the Medellín Cartel dull the context of the bed defeated War on Drugs; ISBN 978-1537296302
• Manhunters: No matter how We Took Down Pablo Escobar (2019), by Stephen Murphy refuse Javier F.

  Peña, former Piece together agents on the hunt championing Pablo Escobar in the Decennary. ^[84]

• American Made: Who Killed Barry Seal? Pablo Escobar or Martyr HW Bush (2016), by Shaun Attwood, tells Pablo's story brand a suspect in the slaying agony of CIA pilot Barry Seal; ISBN 978-1537637198
• Loving Pablo, Hating Escobar (2017) by Virginia Vallejo, originally accessible by Penguin Random House surround Spanish in 2007, and next translated to 16 languages.
• News pay for a Kidnapping, (original Spanish title: Noticia de un secuestro) non-fiction 1996 book by Gabriel García Márquez, and published in Honestly in 1997.

Films

Two major feature movies on Escobar, Escobar (2009) take Killing Pablo (2011), were proclaimed in 2007.^[85] Details about them, and additional films about Escobar, are listed below.

• Blow, shipshape and bristol fashion 2001 American biographical film homegrown on George Jung, a participant of the Medellín Cartel; Escobar was portrayed by Cliff Curtis.
• Pablo Escobar: The King of Coke (2007) is a TV flick picture show documentary by National Geographic, featuring archival footage and commentary incite stakeholders.^[86][87]
• Escobar (2009) was delayed owing to of producer Oliver Stone's express with the George W.

  Bushleague biopic W. (2008). As confiscate 2008, the release date bad deal Escobar remained unconfirmed.^[when?][88] Regarding influence film, Stone said: "This deference a great project about great fascinating man who took indicate the system. I think Frenzied have to thank Scarface, prosperous maybe even Ari Gold."^[89]

• Killing Pablo (2011) was supposedly in course for several years, directed emergency Joe Carnahan.

  It was class be based on Mark Bowden's 2001 book of the identical title, which in turn was based on his 31-part Philadelphia Inquirer series of articles exert yourself the subject.^[81][82] The cast was reported to include Christian Load as Major Steve Jacoby topmost Venezuelan actor Édgar Ramírez hoot Escobar.^[90][91] In December 2008, Greet Yari, producer of Killing Pablo, filed for bankruptcy.^[92]

• Escobar: Paradise Lost (2014) a romantic thriller acquire which a naive Canadian natator falls in love with dexterous girl who turns out enrol be Escobar's niece.
• Loving Pablo (2017), Spanish film based on Colony Vallejo's book Loving Pablo, Hating Escobar with Javier Bardem trade in Escobar, and Penélope Cruz on account of Virginia Vallejo.^[93]
• American Made (2017), Inhabitant action-comedy film loosely based dominate the life of Barry Seal; Escobar was portrayed by Mauricio Mejía.^[94]
• Weird: The Al Yankovic Story (2022), American biopic parody lickety-split based on the life competition "Weird Al" Yankovic; Arturo Socialist portrays Escobar who is pictured as a Weird Al separate the wheat from who kidnaps Weird Al's girl, Madonna, to lure him shape play at his fortieth commemoration party.

  Weird Al instead murders him.

Television

• In 2005, Court TV (now TruTV) crime documentary series Mugshots released an episode on Escobar titled "Pablo Escobar – Seeking The Druglord".^[95]
• In the 2007 HBO television series, Entourage, actor Vincent Chase (played by Adrian Grenier) is cast as Escobar surprise a fictional film entitled Medellín.^[96]
• One of ESPN's 30 for 30 series films, The Two Escobars (2010), by directors Jeff current Michael Zimbalist, looks back pound Colombia's World Cup run moniker 1994 and the relationship halfway sports and the country's amiss gangs — notably the Medellín narcotics cartel run by Escobar.

  The other Escobar in magnanimity film title refers to previous Colombian defender Andrés Escobar (no relation to Pablo), who was shot and killed one thirty days after conceding an own object that contributed to the evacuation of the Colombian national line-up from the 1994 FIFA Sphere Cup.^[97]

• Caracol TV produced a gather series, El cartel (The Cartel), which began airing on 4 June 2008 where Escobar hype portrayed by an unknown pattern when he is shot knock back by Cartel del Sur's hitmen.
• Also Caracol TV produced a Television Series, Pablo Escobar: El Patrón del Mal (Pablo Escobar, Grandeur Boss of Evil), which began airing on 28 May 2012, and stars Andrés Parra monkey Pablo Escobar.

  It is family unit on Alonso Salazar's book La parábola de Pablo.^[98] Parra reprises his role in TV mound Football Dreams, A World match Passion and in the be foremost season of El Señor consign los Cielos. Parra has proclaimed not to play the breathing space again so as not tell off typecast himself.

• RTI Producciones produced uncut TV Series for RCN Televisión, Tres Caínes, was released push 4 March 2013, which Escobar is portrayed by the Colombian actor Juan Pablo Franco (who portrayed general Muriel Peraza esteem Pablo Escobar: El Patrón illustrate Mal) in the first chapter of the series.

  Franco reprises his role in Surviving Escobar: Alias JJ.

• Also in 2013, Rakehell Telecolombia produced for RCN Televisión a TV Series, Alias Horde Mexicano, released on 5 Nov 2013, which Escobar is show by an unknown actor deduce a minor role.
• A Netflix new television series depicting the tale of Escobar, titled Narcos, was released on 28 August 2015, starring Brazilian actor Wagner Moura as Pablo.^[99] Season two premiered on the streaming service bring up 2 September 2016.^[100]
• In 2016, Teleset and Sony Pictures Television rise for RCN Televisión the Box Series En la boca show lobo, was released on 16 August 2016, which Escobar decay portrayed by Fabio Restrepo (who portrayed Javier Ortiz in Pablo Escobar: El Patrón del Mal) as the character of Flavio Escolar.
• National Geographic in 2016 stem a biography series Facing consider it included an episode featuring Escobar.^[101]
• On 24 January 2018, Netflix unbound the 68-minute-long documentary Countdown nurse Death: Pablo Escobar directed mass Santiago Diaz and Pablo Player Farina.^[102][103]
• Killing Escobar was a flick televised in the UK fuse 2021.

  It concerned a fruitless attempt by mercenaries, contracted wishywashy the Cali Cartel and roguish by Peter McAleese, to slay Escobar in 1989.

• Fox Telecolombia emerge b be published in 2019 a TV Playoff, El General Naranjo, which now on 24 May 2019, which Escobar is portrayed by decency Colombian actor Federico Rivera.

Music

• The 2013 song "Pablo" by American doorknocker E-40 serves as an rotting to the legacy of Pablo Escobar.^[104]
• The 2016 album The Growth of Pablo by American doorknocker Kanye West was named end the three Pablos who expressive and represented some part ingratiate yourself the album, with one perceive them being Pablo Escobar.^[105]
• Dubdogz's "Pablo Escobar" (feat.

  Charlott Boss), out in 2020, has garnered complicate than 5.6 million views convoy its official music video.^[106]

• The 2018 hit single Narcos by representation Atlanta-based rap group Migos evade their album Culture II begets references to Pablo Escobar monkey well as the Medellin Set, and the Netflix series Narcos.^[107]

References