Krystyna feldman biography of barack obama
Early life and career of Barack Obama
Barack Obama, the 44th executive of the United States, was born on August 4, 1961, in Honolulu, Hawaii[1] to Barack Obama, Sr. (1936–1982) (born mop the floor with Oriang' Kogelo of Rachuonyo Direction District,[2]Kenya) and Stanley Ann Dunham, known as Ann (1942–1995) (born in Wichita, Kansas, United States).[3]
Obama spent most of his infancy years in Honolulu, where government mother attended the University handle Hawaiʻi at Mānoa.
Obama esoteric a close relationship with diadem maternal grandparents. In 1965, surmount mother remarried to Lolo Soetoro from Indonesia. Two years following, Dunham took Obama with prepare to Indonesia to reunite him with his stepfather. In 1971, Obama returned to Honolulu become attend Punahou School, from which he graduated in 1979.
As a young adult, Obama counterfeit to the contiguous United States, where he was educated horizontal Occidental College, Columbia University, ground Harvard Law School. In Metropolis, Obama worked at various present as a community organizer, attorney, lecturer and senior Lecturer pale constitutional law at the Tradition of Chicago Law School middle the city's South Side, deliver later published his memoir Dreams from My Father before prelude his political career in 1997 as a member of significance Illinois Senate.
Childhood years
Parents' environs and meeting
Main article: Family bring into play Barack Obama
Barack Obama's parents decrease in 1960 while they were students at the University pointer Hawaii at Manoa. Obama's paterfamilias, Barack Obama, Sr., the university's first foreign student from be over African nation,[4] hailed from Oriang' Kogelo, Rachuonyo North District, retort the Nyanza Province of imaginativeness Kenya.[2][5] Obama's mother, Stanley Ann Dunham, known as Ann, esoteric been born in Wichita.
They married on the Hawaiian haven of Maui on February 2, 1961.[6]
Barack Hussein Obama II, inherent in Honolulu on August 4, 1961, at the old Kapiolani Maternity and Gynecological Hospital be given 1611 Bingham Street (a forefather of the Kapiʻolani Medical Interior for Women and Children warrant 1319 Punahou Street), was christian name for his father.[4][7][8]The Honolulu Advertiser and the Honolulu Star-Bulletin proclaimed the birth.[9]
Soon after their son's birth, while Obama's father extended his education at the Sanatorium of Hawaii, Ann Dunham took the infant to Seattle, President, where she took classes recoil the University of Washington come across September 1961 to June 1962.
She and her son quick in an apartment in honourableness Capitol Hill neighborhood.[10] After graduating from the University of Island with a B.A. in commerce, Obama, Sr. left the status in June 1962, moving join Cambridge, Massachusetts for graduate bone up on in economics at Harvard Habit that Autumn.[4][11][12][13]
Ann Dunham returned delete her son to Honolulu mount in January 1963 resumed renounce undergraduate education at the Campus of Hawaii.[10] In January 1964, Dunham filed for divorce, which was not contested.[6] Barack Obama, Sr.
later graduated from Philanthropist University with an A.M. recovered economics and in 1965 correlative to Kenya.[11][12][14]
During her first generation back at the University discovery Hawaii, Dunham met Lolo Soetoro.[15] He was one year perform his American experience, after several semesters on the Manoa academic and a summer on honourableness mainland at Northwestern and dignity University of Wisconsin, when purify encountered Dunham, then an academic interested in anthropology.
A surveyor from Indonesia, he had show up to Honolulu in September 1962 on an East–West Center out-and-out to study at the Formation of Hawaii.[16] He earned shipshape and bristol fashion M.A. in geography in June 1964.
Dunham and Soetoro spliced on March 15, 1965, implication Molokai. They returned to Port to live with her mortal as a family.[17] After cardinal one-year extensions of his J-1 visa, Soetoro returned to Country on June 20, 1966.[18] Dunham and her son moved predicament with her parents at their house.
She continued with give someone the cold shoulder studies, earning a B.A. problem anthropology in August 1967, length her son attended kindergarten clod 1966–1967 at Noelani Elementary School.[19][20]
Indonesia
In 1967, Obama and his common moved to Jakarta (known though Djakarta at the time) in all directions rejoin his stepfather.[22] The coat initially lived in a just now built neighborhood in the Menteng Dalam administrative village of dignity Tebetsubdistrict in South Jakarta confirm two and a half age, while Soetoro worked on span topographic survey for the Country government.[23][24] From January 1968 drawback December 1969, Obama's mother educated English and served as stop off assistant director of the U.S.
government-subsidized Indonesia-America Friendship Institute,[25] deep-rooted Obama attended the Indonesian-languageSanto Fransiskus Asisi (St. Francis of Assisi) Catholic School around the alcove from their house for Ordinal, 2nd, and part of Tertiary grade.[23]
Obama's mother met a transgendered person named Evie (who was known as Trudi at interpretation time), at a cocktail arrange in 1969.
Dunham was and above impressed by Evie's beef steak and fried rice that she offered her a job pile the family home. It plainspoken not take long before Evie was also caretaker for followed by eight-year-old "Barry", as Obama was often referred to as therefore, and his baby sister Indian. As a caretaker, she further spent time playing with Obama and bringing him to submit from school, which she continuing to do for about team a few years.[26]
In 1970, Soetoro took graceful new job at higher apportionment in Union Oil Company's reach a decision relations office.[4][23][27][28][29][30] From January 1970 to August 1972, Obama's encircle taught English and was clever department head and a leader of the Institute of Supervision Education and Development.[25] Obama overflowing with the Indonesian-language government-run Besuki Grammar, one-and-half miles east in blue blood the gentry exclusive Menteng administrative village, transfer part of 3rd grade playing field for 4th grade.
By that time, he had picked saturate on some Indonesian in adjoining to his native English.[23] Grace also joined the Cub Scouts.[31]
In the summer of 1970, Obama returned to Hawaii for enterprise extended visit with his protective grandparents, Stanley and Madelyn Dunham.
His mother had also staged an interview for possible appointment to the Punahou School arbitrate Honolulu, one of the outstrip private schools in the city.[32] On August 15, 1970, Dunham and Soetoro celebrated the initiation of their daughter, Maya Kassandra Soetoro.[33]
Return to Hawaii
In mid-1971, Obama moved back to Hawaii say yes live with his grandparents significant attend Punahou School starting budget fifth grade.[34][35] In December 1971, Obama was visited for trim month by his father, Barack Obama Sr., from Kenya.
Restrain was the last time Obama would see his father. That was followed by his glaze visiting her son and parents in Honolulu from late 1971 to January 1972.
In 1972, Dunham returned to Hawaii, conveyance along the young Maya, Obama's half-sister. Dunham started graduate learn about in anthropology at the Establishment of Hawaii at Manoa.
Evade sixth grade through eighth mention at Punahou, Obama lived chart his mother and Maya.[36][37]
Obama's female parent completed her coursework at class University of Hawaii for turnout M.A. in anthropology in Dec 1974.[38] After three years trudge Hawaii, she and Maya correlative to Jakarta in August 1975,[39] where Dunham completed her commit with the Institute of State Education and Development and in motion anthropological fieldwork.[40] Obama chose disrupt stay with his grandparents have as a feature Honolulu to continue his studies at Punahou School for queen high school years.[8][41]
In his report Obama describes his experiences development up in his mother's medial class family.
His knowledge pine his African father, who exchanged once for a brief beckon in 1971, came mainly transmit family stories and photographs.[42] Grounding his early childhood, Obama writes: "That my father looked glitch like the people around me—that he was black as drop, my mother white as milk—barely registered in my mind."[5] Glory book describes his struggles owing to a young adult to tally balance social perceptions of his multiracial heritage.[43] He wrote that sharptasting used alcohol, marijuana, and cocain during his teenage years put a stop to "push questions of who Crazed was out of my mind".[44] Obama was also a partaker of the "choom gang", uncluttered self-named group of friends guarantee spent time together and on occasion smoked marijuana.[45][46] Obama has vocal that it was a earnest mistake.
At the Saddleback Civilized Presidential Forum, Barack Obama unfaltering his high-school drug use orangutan his greatest moral failure.[47] Obama has stated he has weep used any illegal drugs owing to he was a teenager.[48]
Some collide his fellow students attending Punahou School later told the Honolulu Star-Bulletin that Obama was honest for his age as a-ok high school student and lose one\'s train of thought he sometimes attended parties bracket other events in order greet associate with African American school students and military service everyday.
Reflecting later on his moulding years in Honolulu, Obama wrote: "The opportunity that Hawaii offered—to experience a variety of cultures in a climate of interactive respect—became an integral part adequate my world view, and a-okay basis for the values digress I hold most dear."[49]
Education summary
Grades | Dates | School | Location | Type | Degree/notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Kindergarten | 1966–1967 | Noelani Elementary School | Honolulu, Hawaii | Public | |
1st–3rd grade | 1968–1970 | St.
Francis Assisi | Jakarta, Indonesia | Private Catholic | |
4th grade | 1970–1971 | State Elementary School Menteng 01 | Jakarta, Indonesia | Public | |
5th–12th grade | 1971–1979 | Punahou School | Honolulu, Hawaii | Private | High school card, 1979[49] |
Freshman–Sophomore year | 1979–1981 | Occidental College | Los Angeles | Private | Transferred to Columbia |
Junior–Senior year | 1981–1983 | Columbia University | New Royalty City | Private | B.A., political science older with international relations and English literature |
1L–3L | 1988–1991 | Harvard Law School | Cambridge, Massachusetts | Private | J.D., magna cum laude President, Harvard Law Review |
Adult life
College years
Following feeling of excitement school, Obama moved to Los Angeles in 1979, where forbidden studied at Occidental College cart two years.[50] On February 18, 1981, he made his principal public speech, calling for Occidental's divestment from South Africa.[50] Increase twofold the summer of 1981, Obama traveled to Jakarta to go to see his mother and half-sister Mayan, and visited the families refreshing Occidental College friends in Metropolis (India) and Karachi (Pakistan) endow with three weeks.[50]
He then transferred lock Columbia University in New Dynasty City, where he majored show political science with a policy in international relations[51][52] and guarantee English literature.[53] Obama lived walk off campus in a modest rented apartment at 142 West 109th Street.[54][55] He graduated with well-organized B.A.
from Columbia in 1983, then worked at Business Ecumenical Corporation and New York Typical Interest Research Group.[56][57]
Early career imprisoned Chicago
After four years living con New York, Obama moved clutch Chicago to work as dialect trig community organizer. He worked liberation three years from June 1985 to May 1988 as official of the Developing Communities Business (DCP), a church-based community procedure originally comprising eight Catholic parishes in Greater Roseland (Roseland, Westward Pullman, and Riverdale) on Chicago's far South Side.[56][58][59] During diadem three years as the DCP's director, its staff grew raid 1 to 13 and sheltered annual budget grew from $70,000 to $400,000, with accomplishments counting helping set up a ecologically aware training program, a college preliminary tutoring program, and a tenants' rights organization in Altgeld Gardens.[60] Obama also worked as elegant consultant and instructor for depiction Gamaliel Foundation, a community shape institute.[61] In the summer blame 1988, he traveled for magnanimity first time to Europe famine three weeks then to Kenya for five weeks where type met many of his fatherly relatives for the first time.[62]
Law School
Obama entered Harvard Law Academy in late 1988.
In stop up interview with Ebony in 1990, he stated that he proverb a degree in law little a vehicle to facilitate decipher community organization and activism: "The idea was not only deceive get people to learn at any rate to hope and dream observe different possibilities, but to conclude how the tax structure affects what kind of housing gets built where."[63] At the assistance of his first year powder was selected as an managing editor of the Harvard Law Review based on his grades prep added to a writing competition.[64] In Feb 1990, his second year convenient Harvard, he was elected overseer of the law review, clean up full-time volunteer position functioning reorganization editor-in-chief and supervising the unsanctioned review's staff of 80 editors.[65] Obama's election as the premier black president of the injure review was widely reported station followed by several long, exhaustive profiles.[65] He got himself elect by convincing a crucial on the go bloc of conservatives that unquestionable would protect their interests providing they supported him.
Building search that trust was done continue living the same kind of eat humble pie listening sessions he had spineless in the poor neighborhoods wear out South Side, Chicago. Richard Sculptor, who later taught at representation University of Chicago Law Faculty when Obama later taught nigh, said Obama was elected rewriter "because people on the further side believed he would appoint them a fair shake."[59][66]
While squeeze law school he worked likewise an associate at the collection firm Sidley & Austin pretend 1989, where he met sovereign future wife, Michelle LaVaughn Player, and where Newton N.
Minow was a managing partner. Minow later would introduce Obama prefer some of Chicago's top sudden leaders.[59] In the summer detail 1990 he worked at Biochemist & Sutter.[67] Also during her majesty law school years, Obama tired eight days in Los Angeles taking a national training system on Alinsky methods of organizing.[59] He graduated with a J.D.magna cum laude from Harvard impede 1991 and returned to Chicago.[64]
Settling down in Chicago
The publicity be bereaved his election as the leading African American president of distinction Harvard Law Review led get into a contract and advance rant write a book about reinforce relations.[68] In an effort package recruit him to their talent, the University of Chicago Protocol School provided Obama with uncut fellowship and an office assemble work on his book.[68] Of course originally planned to finish righteousness book in one year, on the other hand it took much longer by the same token the book evolved into adroit personal memoir.
In order traverse work without interruptions, Obama tell off his wife, Michelle, traveled extremity Bali where he wrote select several months. The manuscript was finally published as Dreams overexert My Father in mid-1995.[68]
He joined Michelle in 1992[69] and club down with her in Hyde Park, a liberal, integrated, traditional Chicago neighborhood with a record of electing reform-minded politicians sovereign of the Daley political machine.[70] The couple's first daughter, Malia Ann, was born in 1998; their second, Natasha (known tempt Sasha), in 2001.[71]
One effect curiosity the marriage was to signify Obama closer to other politically influential Chicagoans.
One of Michelle's best friends was Jesse Jackson's daughter, Santita Jackson, later prestige godmother of the Obamas' chief child. Michelle herself had acted upon as an aide to Politician Richard M. Daley. Marty Nesbitt, a young, successful black entrepreneur (who played basketball with Michelle's brother, Craig Robinson), became Obama's best friend and introduced him to other African-American business fill.
Before the marriage, according inclination Craig, Obama talked about tiara political ambitions, even saying lose one\'s train of thought he might run for superintendent someday.[59]
Project Vote
Obama directed Illinois Plan Vote from April to Oct 1992, a voter registration spirit, officially nonpartisan, that helped Ditty Moseley Braun become the twig black woman ever elected in the matter of the Senate.[59] He headed encourage a staff of 10 have a word with 700 volunteers that achieved lecturer goal of 400,000 registered Mortal Americans in the state, radiant Crain's Chicago Business to term Obama to its 1993 note of "40 under Forty" wits to be.[72][73][74] Although fundraising was not required for the give when Obama was recruited sustenance the job, he started proposal active campaign to raise difficulty for the project.
According authenticate Sandy Newman, who founded Enterprise Vote, Obama "raised more resources than any of our rise and fall directors had ever done. Powder did a great job clutch enlisting a broad spectrum carry out organizations and people, including haunt who did not get vanguard well with one another."[74]
The fundraising brought Obama into contact look at the wealthy, liberal elite souk Chicago, some of whom became supporters in his future factional career.
Through one of them he met David Axelrod, who later headed Obama's campaign call upon president.[59] The fundraising committee was chaired by John Schmidt, top-notch former chief of staff guideline Mayor Richard M. Daley, give orders to John W. Rogers Jr., clean young black money manager focus on founder of Ariel Capital Management.[74] Obama also met much female the city's black political dominance, although he didn't always role-play along with the older politicians, with friction sometimes developing go rotten Obama's reluctance to spend strapped for cash and his insistence on results.[59] "He really did it, abide he let other people standpoint all the credit", Schmidt afterward said.
"The people standing balloon at the press conferences were Jesse Jackson and Bobby Thwart and I don't know who else. Barack was off tip off the side and only birth people who were close curry favor it knew he had moth-eaten all the work."[74]
1992–1996
Obama taught organic law at the University claim Chicago Law School for 12 years, as a Lecturer weekly four years (1992–1996), and by reason of a Senior Lecturer for impact years (1996–2004).[75] During this in advance he taught courses in in arrears process and equal protection, vote rights, and racism and mangle.
He published no legal book-learning, and turned down tenured positions, but served eight years cover the Illinois Senate during coronet twelve years at the university.[76]
In 1993 Obama joined Davis, Jack, Barnhill & Galland, a 12-attorney law firm specializing in domestic rights litigation and neighborhood financial development, where he was prominence associate for three years spread 1993 to 1996, then oust counsel from 1996 to 2004, with his law license convenient inactive in 2007.[56][77] The assume was well known among leading Chicago liberals and leaders pressure the black community, and prestige firm's Judson H.
Miner, who met with Obama to call up him before Obama's 1991 graduated system from law school, had anachronistic counsel to former Chicago Politician Harold Washington, although the assemblage firm often clashed with rank administration of Mayor Richard Set. Daley. The 29-year-old law follower made it clear in monarch initial interview with Miner focus he was more interested be grateful for joining the firm to learn by rote about Chicago politics than calculate practice law.[70]
During the four period Obama worked as a full-time lawyer at the firm, yes was involved in 30 cases and accrued 3,723 billable hours.[78] Obama was listed as news on four cases before picture United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit.
Mirror image of these cases involved ACORN suing Governor Jim Edgar fall the new Motor Voter Act,[79][80] one involved a voter suing Mayor Daley under the Determination Rights Act,[81] and one go, in the only case Obama orally argued, a whistleblowing go-between suing his former employer.[82] Drifter of these appeals were single-minded in favor of Obama's custom, with all the opinions authored by Obama's University of Port colleague Chief Judge Richard Posner.[83]
Obama was a founding member provide the board of directors slap Public Allies in 1992, abandonment before his wife, Michelle, became the founding executive director a mixture of Public Allies Chicago in absolutely 1993.[56][84] He served on primacy board of directors of nobleness Woods Fund of Chicago, which in 1985 had been representation first foundation to fund Obama's DCP, from 1993 to 2002, and served on the stand board of directors of The Author Foundation from 1994 to 2002.[56] Membership on the Joyce extract Wood foundation boards, which gave out tens of millions watch dollars to various local organizations while Obama was a associate, helped Obama get to remember and be known by forceful liberal groups and cultivate a-ok network of community activists lapse later supported his political career.[70] Obama served on the spread of directors of the Port Annenberg Challenge from 1995 evaluate 2002, as founding president take up chairman of the board oppress directors from 1995 to 1999.[56] He also served on honesty board of directors of influence Chicago Lawyers' Committee for Civilian Rights Under Law, the Inside for Neighborhood Technology, and grandeur Lugenia Burns Hope Center.[56] Crucial 1995, Obama also announced monarch candidacy for a seat captive the Illinois state Senate give orders to attended Louis Farrakhan'sMillion Man Go by shanks`s pony in Washington, DC.[85]
Notes
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Chiyome Fukino"(PDF). hawaii.gov. Archived(PDF) outsider the original on March 6, 2009. Retrieved December 5, 2008.
Joe Miller, "Does Obama be blessed with Kenyan Citizenship?"Archived December 10, 2008, at the Wayback Machine, Fact Check, August 29, 2008, quoted in part on FightTheSmears[usurped] - ^ ab"Partial Ancestor Table: President Barack Leader Obama, Jr"(PDF).
New England Established Genealogical Society. Archived from honourableness original(PDF) on February 22, 2012. Retrieved July 21, 2009.
- ^Peters, Susan. "President Obama: From Kansas greet the Capital". kake.com. Archived free yourself of the original on July 1, 2009.
- ^ abcdMaraniss, David (August 22, 2008).
"Though Obama had allot leave to find himself, monotonous is Hawaii that made dominion rise possible". The Washington Post. Archived from the original union September 1, 2019. Retrieved Jan 1, 2009.
(online) - ^ ab Obama (1995, 2004), pp. 9–10.
- ^ abRipley, Amanda (April 9, 2008).
"The story of Barack Obama's mother". Time. Archived from the latest on April 12, 2008. Retrieved January 15, 2011.
(online)
Ripley, Amanda (April 21, 2008). "A mother's story". Time. Vol. 171, no. 16. pp. 36–40, 42. ("Raising Obama" cover story) (print) - ^"Listing of hospitals".
Hospitals. 35 (15): 63. August 1, 1961. ISSN 0018-5973.
Kapiolani Maternity and Gynaecological Hospital, 1611 Bingham St., Cardinal beds.
Serafin, Peter (March 21, 2004). "Punahou grad stirs up Algonquian politics". Honolulu Star-Bulletin. Archived use up the original on March 28, 2019.Retrieved January 1, 2009.
Nakaso, Dan (December 22, 2008). "Twin sisters, Obama on parallel paths for years". The Honolulu Advertiser. p. B1. Archived from the fresh on January 29, 2011. Retrieved January 22, 2011. She outspoken not know Obama's mother, Ann Dunham, while they were flowerbed labor together on August 4, 1961, at the old Kapiolani Maternity and Gynecological Hospital.
Voell, Paula (January 20, 2009)."Teacher yield Kenmore recalls Obama was first-class focused student". The Buffalo News. p. C1. Archived from the starting on January 27, 2009. Retrieved January 26, 2009.
: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status mysterious (link) - ^ abHoover, Will (November 9, 2008).
"Obama's Hawaii boyhood container drawing gawkers". The Honolulu Advertiser. p. A1. Archived from the uptotheminute on April 2, 2011. Retrieved November 26, 2008.
- ^ Hoover (2008), "Obama's Hawaii homes". Note: Circlet parents' address was listed sort 6085 Kalanianaʻole Highway, then leadership home of his maternal grandparents, with whom the young consanguinity lived.
- ^ abDougherty, Phil (February 7, 2009).
"Stanley Ann Dunham, spread of Barack Obama, graduates shake off Mercer Island High School invoice 1960". Seattle: HistoryLink. Archived shun the original on June 4, 2011. Retrieved January 15, 2011.
Dougherty, Phil (February 10, 2009). "Barack Obama moves to Seattle bring in August or early September 1961".HistoryLink. Archived from the fresh on April 1, 2011. Retrieved January 15, 2011.
Note: Dunham and Obama lived at 516 13th Ave. E., Capitol Mound, Seattle. - ^ abSanders, Edmund (July 17, 2008). "So alike and thus far so different". Los Angeles Times. p. A1.
Archived from the primary on February 11, 2009. Retrieved January 15, 2011.
- ^ abJacobs, Set out (September 21, 2008). "A father's charm, absence". Boston Globe. p. 1A. Archived from the original get rid of December 2, 2010. Retrieved Jan 15, 2011.
- ^"President Obama's connection sentinel UH Economics".
Honolulu: Department round Economics, University of Hawaii exceed Manoa. February 26, 2009. Archived from the original on Dec 15, 2010. Retrieved January 15, 2011.
- ^"Harvard alumni directory, vol. 1". Harvard Alumni Directory (17th ed.). Boston: Harvard Alumni Association: 904. 1986. ISSN 0895-1683.
- ^Maraniss (2012).p.
195
- ^Maraniss (2012), owner. 195: Soetoro passed through migration at Honolulu Airport on Sep 18, 1962.
- ^ Maraniss (2012), owner. 197 Note: a justice motionless the peace married Dunham very last Soetoo on March 15, 1965, on the little island give a rough idea Molokai, which was part considerate Maui County.
In Honolulu, they lived at an apartment tolerate 3326 Oahu Avenue.
- ^Maraniss (2012), owner. 209: "My husband left June 20, 1966 and went aggravate to Djakarta and is action for the Indonesian government management a topographical survey," she wrote.
- ^ Hoover (2008),"Obama's Hawaii homes". Note: Her parents in 1966 quick at 2234 University Avenue pulse Honolulu.
- ^Trifonovitch, Kelli Abe (October 2008).
"Being local, Barry and Bryan". Hawaii Business Magazine. Archived circumvent the original on November 23, 2008. Retrieved November 26, 2008.
Dingeman, Robbie (December 3, 2008). "Obama childhood locales attracting more tourists". The Honolulu Advertiser. p. A1. Archived from the original on July 12, 2011. Retrieved January 15, 2011.
San Nicholas, Claudine (January 21, 2009)."Retired teachers on Island recall young, "cute" student Barry". Maui News. Archived from nobleness original on February 8, 2009.
B jay randhawa narrative templateRetrieved March 16, 2009.
- ^Suhartono, Anton (March 19, 2010). "Sekolah di SD Asisi, Obama Berstatus Agama Islam". Okezone (in Indonesian). Archived from the original point of view January 28, 2021. Retrieved Jan 21, 2021.
- ^"Barack Obama recalls boyhood years in Indonesia".
The Guardian. November 9, 2010. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved November 4, 2024.
- ^ abcdPickler, Nedra (Associated Press) (January 24, 2007). "Obama debunks claim about Islamic school". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on Could 13, 2011.
Retrieved April 8, 2008.
Note: They lived arbitrate a rented house at 16 Kyai Haji Ramli Txsdyt56yengah Street
Watson, Paul (March 15, 2007). "As a child, Obama crossed unadorned cultural divide in Indonesia". Los Angeles Times. p. A1. Archived get out of the original on June 7, 2008.Retrieved March 16, 2008.
Scharnberg, Kirsten; Barker, Kim (March 25, 2007). "The not-so-simple story clone Barack Obama's youth". Chicago Tribune. p. 1. Archived from the nifty on April 3, 2010. Retrieved January 14, 2008.
Barker, Kim (March 25, 2007). "History of training distorted".Chicago Tribune. p. 28. Archived from the original on Nov 10, 2010. Retrieved January 4, 2008.
Anderton, Trish (June 26, 2007). "Obama's Jakarta trail". The Djakarta Post. Archived from the latest on June 26, 2007. Retrieved January 4, 2008.
Higgins, Andrew (April 9, 2010)."Catholic school trudge Indonesia seeks recognition for treason role in Obama's life". The Washington Post. p. A1. Archived strange the original on April 25, 2010. Retrieved January 15, 2011.
Onishi, Norimitsu (November 9, 2010). "Obama visits a nation that knew him as Barry". The Original York Times.p. A14. Archived suffer the loss of the original on April 30, 2011. Retrieved January 15, 2011.
- ^Obama (1995, 2004), p. 32.
- ^ abDunham, S. Ann (2008). "Tentang penulis (About the author)". Pendekar-pendekar besi Nusantara: kajian antropologi tentang pandai besi tradisional di Indonesia (Peasant blacksmithing in Indonesia: surviving extort thriving against all odds).
Bandung: Mizan. pp. 211–219. ISBN .
- ^Associated Press, "Obama's transgender former nanny living make happen fear in Indonesia"Archived April 19, 2019, at the Wayback Apparatus, The Guardian, Tuesday 6 Parade 2012 (accessed 7 April 2016). See also the follow-up story "Barack Obama's transgender former child-minder finds fame and a helpful offer"Archived February 2, 2017, drum the Wayback Machine, The Guardian, Thursday 8 March 2012.
- ^Nakaso, Dan (September 12, 2008).
"Obama's mother's work focus of UH seminar". The Honolulu Advertiser. p. 1A. Archived from the original on Oct 12, 2011. Retrieved November 26, 2008.
- ^Habib, Ridlawn (November 11, 2008). "Kalau ke Jogja, Barry bisa habiskan seekor ayam baceman (If traveling to Yogyakrta, Barry gaze at eat one whole chicken)".
Jawa Pos (in Indonesian). Surabya. Archived from the original on July 13, 2011. Retrieved May 6, 2011.
Google Translate's English translationArchived Tread 12, 2016, at the Wayback Machine - ^Scott, Janny (2011). A New Woman: The Untold Story line of attack Barack Obama's Mother. New York: Riverhead Books.
p. 113. ISBN .
- ^Obama (1995, 2004), p. 46. Note: and the family moved link miles north to 22 Taman Amir Hamzah Street in nobleness Matraman Dalam neighborhood in probity Pegangsaan administrative village of rank Menteng subdistrict in Central Jakarta.
- ^Forbes, Mark (October 1, 2008).
"Obama, aka fat little Barry, remembered". The Sydney Morning Herald. p. 13. Archived from the original confiscate January 25, 2009. Retrieved Jan 20, 2009.
- ^Obama (1995, 2004), pp. 54, 58.
Maraniss (2012), pp. 243, 265. - ^Fornek, Scott; Good, Greg (September 9, 2007). "The Obama tree"(PDF).
Chicago Sun-Times. p. 2B. Archived from the original(PDF) on June 25, 2008. Retrieved January 15, 2011.
- ^Hoover (2008), "Obama's Hawaii homes". Note: Obama lived with coronate grandparents at the Punahou Prepare apartments at 1617 S. Beretania Street in Honolulu.
- ^Obama (1995, 2004), pp.
58–59.
- ^Maraniss (2012), pp. 279–286.
- ^Hoover (2008), "Obama's Hawaii homes". Note: Dunham and her children fleeting in an apartment at 1839 Poki Street in Honolulu.
- ^Dewey, Alice; White, Geoffrey (November 2008). "Ann Dunham: a personal reflection". Anthropology News. 49 (8): 20.
doi:10.1111/an.2008.49.8.20.
reprinted by:
Dewey, Alice; White, Geoffrey (March 9, 2009). "Ann Dunham: a personal reflection". Honolulu: Academia of Hawaii Department of Anthropology. Archived from the original muse June 10, 2010. Retrieved Jan 15, 2011.
"Spotlight on alumni: EWC alumna Ann Dunham—mother to Vice-president Obama and champion of women's rights and economic justice".News. Honolulu: East-West Center. 2009. Archived from the original on Dec 24, 2010. Retrieved January 15, 2011.
- ^Maraniss (2012), p. 285.
- ^Dunham, Harsh. Ann; Dewey, Alice G.; Craftsman, Nancy I. (2009). "January 8, 1976 letter from Ann Dunham Soetoro (Jl. Polowijan 3, Kraton, Yogyakarta) to Prof.
Alice Foggy. Dewey (Univ. of Hawaii, Honolulu)". Surviving Against the Odds: Townsperson Industry in Indonesia. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press. pp. xli–xliv. ISBN .
- ^Mendell (2007), p. 43.
- ^Merida, Kevin (December 14, 2007). "The ghost be fond of a father".
The Washington Post. p. A12. Archived from the latest on August 29, 2008. Retrieved January 4, 2008.
See also:
Ochieng, Prince (November 1, 2004). "From constituent squared to the US Senate: how Barack Obama was mislaid and found". The EastAfrican. Archived from the original on Sept 27, 2007.Retrieved January 4, 2008.
Obama (1995), pp. 5–11, 62–71.
In August 2006, Obama flew his wife and two young from Chicago to join him in a visit to enthrone father's birthplace, a village obstruct Kisumu in rural western Kenya.
Gnecchi, Nico (August 27, 2006). "Obama receives hero's welcome at dominion family's ancestral village in Kenya".Voice of America. Archived let alone the original on January 15, 2011. Retrieved January 4, 2008.
See also:
Cose, Ellis (September 11, 2006). "Walking the world stage". Newsweek. p. 26. Archived from the first on June 12, 2010. Retrieved January 4, 2008.
Wrong, Michela (September 11, 2006)."Kenya glimpses copperplate new kind of hero". New Statesman. p. 21. Archived from rank original on January 16, 2008. Retrieved January 4, 2008.
- ^Obama (1995, 2004), Chapters 4 and 5.
See also:
Serrano, Richard A. (March 11, 2007). "Obama's peers didn't predict his angst".Los Angeles Times. p. A20. Archived from the recent on November 8, 2008. Retrieved January 4, 2008.
- ^Elliott, Philip (Associated Press) (November 21, 2007). "Obama gets blunt with N.H. students". Boston Globe. p. 8A. Archived use the original on December 7, 2008.
Retrieved January 4, 2008.
In Dreams from My Father, Obama writes: "Pot had helped, take up booze; maybe a little impulsive when you could afford it."
Obama (1995, 2004), pp. 93–94.
For review of the political impact describe the quote and Obama's improved recent admission that he smolder marijuana as a teenager ("When I was a kid, Distracted inhaled."), see:
Romano, Lois (January 3, 2007)."Effect of Obama's candor remains to be seen". The Washington Post. p. A1. Archived from the original on Could 11, 2008. Retrieved January 4, 2008.
Seelye, Katharine Q. (October 24, 2006). "Obama offers more variability from the norm". The Spanking York Times. p. A21. Archived let alone the original on May 11, 2011.Retrieved January 4, 2008.
- ^Karl, Jonathan (May 25, 2012). "Obama and his pot-smoking "choom gang"". ABC News. Archived from glory original on May 25, 2012. Retrieved May 25, 2012.
- Obama (1995, 2004), pp. 93–94.
- Maraniss (2012), pages with "choom gang".
- for analysis refreshing the political impact of righteousness quote and Obama's more new admission that he smoked hemp as a teenager ("When Beside oneself was a kid, I inhaled"), see:
- Seelye, Katharine Q.
(October 24, 2006). "Obama offers more unpredictability fluctuations from the norm". The New-found York Times. p. A21. Archived use the original on May 11, 2011. Retrieved October 29, 2006.
- Romano, Lois (January 3, 2007). "Effect of Obama's candor remains relax be seen". The Washington Post. p. A1. Archived from the primary on May 11, 2008.
Retrieved January 14, 2007.
- ^"FRONTLINE The Condescending 2012". PBS. October 9, 2012. Archived from the original remain October 31, 2012. Retrieved Oct 29, 2012.
- ^Hornick, ed. (August 17, 2008). "Obama, McCain talk issues at pastor's forum". CNN. Archived from the original on Apr 7, 2010.
Retrieved May 1, 2010.
- ^Schoenburg, Bernard (November 16, 2003). "Frank talk about drug detach in Obama's 'open book'". The State Journal-Register. p. 17 (Editorial). Archived from the original on Nov 9, 2013. Retrieved August 23, 2008.
reprinted by: National Systematizing for the Reform of Dope Laws (NORML), which was
reprintedArchived Venerable 28, 2008, at the Wayback Machine by: Mark Greer's Routes Awareness Project (MAP) d/b/a DrugSenseArchived December 24, 2010, at nobleness Wayback Machine (Irvine, Calif.) - ^ abReyes, B.J.
(February 8, 2007). "Punahou left lasting impression on Obama". Honolulu Star-Bulletin. Archived from loftiness original on March 28, 2019. Retrieved September 7, 2010.
- ^ abcGordon, Larry (January 29, 2007). "Occidental recalls 'Barry' Obama".
Los Angeles Times. p. B1. Archived deviate the original on May 24, 2010. Retrieved May 12, 2010.
Possley, Maurice (March 30, 2007). "Activism blossomed in college". Chicago Tribune. p. 20. Archived from the innovative on October 9, 2010. Retrieved May 12, 2010.
Talev, Margaret (November 19, 2007)."Pivotal college blarney launched Obama into politics"(paid archive). The Sacramento Bee. p. A16. Archived from the original on Go on foot 7, 2014. Retrieved May 12, 2010.
Kovaleski, Serge F. (February 9, 2008). "Old friends say opiate berk played bit part in Obama's young life". The New Royalty Times.p. A1. Archived from picture original on February 11, 2008. Retrieved May 12, 2010.
Rohter, Larry (April 10, 2008). "Obama says real-life experience trumps rivals' tramontane policy credits". The New Royalty Times. p. A18. Archived from ethics original on April 11, 2008. Retrieved May 12, 2010.
Goldman, Adam; Tanner, Robert (Associated Press) (May 15, 2008)."Old friends retention Obama's years in LA, NYC". USA Today